Gaming Linux® From Scratch (System V Utgave) - Versjon #75129f1

Kapittel 9. X11

Xorg-Server-21.1.18

Introduction to Xorg Server

The Xorg Server is the core of the X Window system.

Additional Downloads

Xorg Server Dependencies

Required

A userland graphics driver (Mesa-25.1.4 and/or NVIDIA-575.64), libxcvt-0.1.3, Pixman-0.46.2, Xorg Fonts (only font-util), and at runtime: xkeyboard-config-2.45

Recommended

D-Bus-1.16.2, elogind-255.17 (runtime; libelogind also referred at build time but it's not really useful), libepoxy-1.5.10 (needed for glamor), and xorg-libinput-1.5.0 (runtime)

Optional

libunwind-1.8.1, Nettle-3.10.1, XCB Utils (to build Xephyr), xkeyboard-config-2.45 (for tests), rendercheck (for tests), and xorg-sgml-doctools (to build documentation)

Kernel Configuration

If your GPU supports 3D acceleration and the userland graphics driver you installed can utilize its 3D capability, you should have already enabled the necessary kernel configuration options. Otherwise, you need to find the kernel configuration option of the DRM driver for the GPU and enable it. Notably, the virtual GPUs provided by some virtual machine managers: 

Device Drivers --->
  Graphics support --->
    <*/M> Direct Rendering Manager (XFree86 4.1.0 and higher DRI support) --->
                                                                      ...  [DRM]
      < /*/M> DRM driver for VMware Virtual GPU                     [DRM_VMWGFX]
      < /*/M> DRM Support for bochs dispi vga interface (qemu stdvga)
                                                                ...  [DRM_BOCHS]
      < /*/M> Virtual Box Graphics Card                          [DRM_VBOXVIDEO]

If the kernel does not provide a DRM driver for your GPU, on most x86 systems the «simple frame buffer» DRM driver running on VESA or UEFI frame buffer can be used as a fallback. Enable the following options in the kernel configurations if you don't have a dedicated DRM driver for the GPU, or you want to keep the simple frame buffer driver as a fallback in case the dedicated driver fails: 

Device Drivers --->
  Firmware Drivers --->
    [*] Mark VGA/VBE/EFI FB as generic system framebuffer       [SYSFB_SIMPLEFB]
  Graphics support --->
    <*> Direct Rendering Manager (XFree86 4.1.0 and higher DRI support) --->
                                                                      ...  [DRM]
      <*> Simple framebuffer driver                              [DRM_SIMPLEDRM]

To allow the kernel to print debug messages at an early boot stage, CONFIG_DRM and CONFIG_DRM_SIMPLEDRM should not be built as kernel modules unless an initramfs will be used.

If you want to use the simple frame buffer driver on a system booted via BIOS (instead of UEFI), add the following line before the first menuentry block in the /boot/grub/grub.cfg file to initialize the VESA frame buffer: 

set gfxpayload=1024x768x32

You may replace 1024, 768, and 32 with a resolution and color depth setting suitable for your monitor.

If all of these DRM drivers do not work for you and you need to use a DDX driver with a non-DRM kernel GPU driver (usually named CONFIG_FB_* in the kernel configuration, or existing as out-tree kernel modules), or you need an device specific functionality requiring a DDX driver, consult an old version of BLFS, or an even older version for more DDX drivers.

Installation of Xorg Server

First, if you need the TearFree option to work around screen tearing, apply the patch: 

patch -Np1 -i ../xorg-server-tearfree_backport-3.patch

Install the server by running the following commands: 

mkdir build &&
cd    build &&

meson setup ..              \
      --prefix=/usr         \
      --localstatedir=/var  \
      -D glamor=true        \
      -D secure-rpc=false   \
      -D xkb_output_dir=/var/lib/xkb &&

ninja

To test the results, issue: ninja test. You will need to run ldconfig as the root user first or some tests may fail.

Now as the root user: 

ninja install &&
mkdir -pv /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d &&
install -vdm1777 /tmp/.{ICE,X11}-unix &&
if [ -z "$(grep .ICE-unix /etc/sysconfig/createfiles)" ]; then
cat >> /etc/sysconfig/createfiles << "EOF"
/tmp/.ICE-unix dir 1777 root root
EOF
fi
if [ -z "$(grep .X11-unix /etc/sysconfig/createfiles)" ]; then
cat >> /etc/sysconfig/createfiles << "EOF"
/tmp/.X11-unix dir 1777 root root
EOF
fi

Command Explanations

[Notat]

Notat

Undersøk meson_options.txt eller meson.options for en fullstendig liste over alternativer.

-D glamor=true: Ensure building the Glamor module. It's needed to build the modesetting_drv driver which replaces the traditional Device Dependent X (DDX) drivers.

-D secure-rpc=false: Disables RPC support as libtirpc was not built.

-D suid_wrapper=true: Builds the suid-root wrapper for legacy DDX driver support on rootless xserver systems.

cat >> /etc/sysconfig/createfiles...: This command creates the /tmp/.ICE-unix and /tmp/.X11-unix directories at startup, and ensures that the permissions and ownership are correct as required by the server.

-D xephyr=true: This option allows building Xephyr if its dependencies are met.

Configuring Xorg Server

Furthermore, if this package was not built with elogind-255.17 support, add any non-root users to the input and video groups as the root user: 

usermod -a -G input,video <username>

Contents

Installed Programs: gtf, X, Xnest, Xorg, Xvfb, and optionally Xephyr
Installed Libraries: several under /usr/lib/xorg/modules/ including the modesetting_drv driver
Installed Directories: /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d, /usr/include/xorg, /usr/lib/xorg, and /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d

Short Descriptions

gtf

calculates VESA GTF mode lines

X

is a symbolic link to Xorg

Xephyr

is a nested X server which supports modern X extensions

Xnest

is a nested X server

Xorg

is the X11R7 X Server

Xvfb

is the virtual framebuffer X server for X Version 11

modesetting_drv

provides a video driver for machines using Kernel Mode Setting (KMS). This will use glamor if that has been enabled and the hardware offers acceleration